Prep (optional). Pour boiling water into the Instant Pot and place the lid on. Allow to rest for 5 minutes, then release any pressure before removing the lid. This will help to remove residual flavor or smell that remains in the Instant Pot.
Pour the milk into the Instant Pot and secure the lid.
Heat the milk. Select the “yogurt” button and toggle through the options until the display reads “boil”.
Allow the Instant Pot to complete the cycle, which normally takes about 1 hour. You should hear a beep, indicating the cycle is complete. When this happens, remove the lid and check with a digital thermometer that the milk has reached 180-185ºF (82-85ºC)*.
Cool the milk. Remove the Instant Pot insert from the electric portion, and allow it to cool down until it reaches 110ºF (43ºC) (a range of 5ºF in either direction is fine). This takes about an hour at room temperature, OR 10-15 minutes in a sink filled halfway with ice water.
Use a spoon to skim off any skin that has formed on the milk.
Add cultures. Add 2 tablespoons of plain yogurt (containing live cultures) and stir it into the milk gently with a wooden spoon.
Place the insert back into the Instant Pot unit and secure the lid.
Ferment. Select the “yogurt” button and toggle to the timer options (8, 12, or 24 hours). For a thicker, tangier yogurt select the 24-hour option. Select the 8 or 12-hour option for a mild flavor or quick results.
Check the finished yogurt. Once the culturing time is up the Instant Pot will beep. You can then remove the lid and check your yogurt. The consistency should be thick, spoonable, and with some whey collecting at the edges of the pot.
Refrigerate. Transfer the cultured yogurt to an airtight container and refrigerate until chilled and thick (or, if desired, strain for Greek yogurt).
To make Greek yogurt: strain the yogurt in a cheesecloth-lined colander set over a bowl, or a yogurt strainer for several hours (I do this in the refrigerator). The yellow liquid that collects at the bottom is whey and can be repurposed. The strained yogurt can be used like regular Greek yogurt.
Sweeten individual servings of your yogurt with honey, maple syrup, stewed fruit, or low-sugar jam after chilling.